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Would you like…的口语用法

Would you like…的口语用法

  1. 用于请人吃东西,意为:你要点……吗? 你要来点……吗?

  A:Would you like a cigarette? 抽支烟吗?

  B:No, thank you. 不抽,谢谢。

  A:Would you like a cup of tea? 要来杯茶吗?

  B:Yes, please. Thanks. 好,来一杯吧,谢谢。

  2. 用于提出邀请时征求对方意见,意为:你想……吗? 你愿意做……吗? 如:

  A:Would you like to go to the movies tonight? 你今晚想去看电影吗?

  B:I’d like to. What time? 我很愿意,几点钟?

  A:Would you like to come with us? 你愿意同我们一起去吗?

  B:I’m afraid I can’t. I have some letters to write. 恐怕不行,我有几封信要写。

  3. 用于询问对方是否需要某物或是否需要某人做某事等,意为:你需要……吗? 如:

  A:Would you like some help? 你需要帮助吗?

  B:Yes, please. 是的,请帮我一把吧。

  A:Would you like such a dictionary? 你想要那样一本词典吗?

  B:Yes, of course. 当要想要。

  A:Would you like me to come along with you? 要我跟你一起去吗?

  B:Oh,thank you. I’d rather go there alone. 噢,谢谢你,我想一个人去。

  4. 有时可用于提出请求,意为:请你做……好吗? 如:

  A:Would you like to clear the table? 请你收拾桌子行吗?

  B:Okay. 行。

  注意有时这类表示请求的句子含有不满或厌烦之意:

  A:Would you like to turn that music down? 请你把音乐放小点行吗?

  B:Yes, sorry. 可以,对不起。

  1.will + V.

  2.be to do + v.

  3.be about to be

  4.be going to

  这四种表将来时的词组、动词在用法和意思上的差别

  1. will +v 和 be going to +v :

  will do sth 通常说的是将要去干什么事,说话这时才想到,而之前并没有相关规划。

  be going to do sth 是打算去做什么,之前有过一个计划。

  2. be to do 和be about to do

  be to do 是表示准备干什么,意思和上两个都一样,只是它同be to do 一样是表示:有 准备有计划的。

  be about to do 是表示正要。。。。。之前没什么准备的。例:I was about to go out of the

  room when you arrive here.

  3. be to do 和 be going to do 都有准备好要干什么的意思。

  但是两者的区别就是:be to do 更多的是人为的,be going to do 是人所控制不了的因素

  如: it is going to rain.

 

  英语句子成分:

  简介

  句子的组成部分,包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、补语、状语、表语七种

  主语是句子叙述的主体,可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。

  谓语说明主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语由动词来承担。

  宾语是动作的对象或承受者,常位于及物动词或介词后面。宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。

  主语和谓语是英语句子的两大成分,除少数句子(如祈使句和感叹句等)外,一句话必须同时具有主语和谓语所表达的意思才能完整。主语是针对谓语而言的,是一句话的主题,谓语用来说明主语的情况,为主语提供信息。例如:They are working.主语是they(他们),那么他们在做什么呢?看来没有谓语are working 是不行的。在正常情况下,英语的主语和谓语的位置与汉语一致,也就是说主语在前,谓语紧跟其后。那么,哪些词语可以做主语,谓语,何时主谓倒置,主语与谓语的一致情况如何,我将一一讲述。

  主语

  哪些词可以充当主语

  1,名词

  例如: A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.

  The first truck is carrying a few baskets.

  The temperature will stay above zero.

  The doctor looked over Mrs. Brown very carefully.

  China does not want to copy the USA’s example.

  2,代词

  例如: It’s a young forest.

  I don’t know if it will grow.

  That’s a bit expensive.

  You’d better buy a new pair.

  I’m afraid we haven’t got any black shoes.

  3,数词

  例如:One and two is three.

  One is not enough for me. I want one more.

  One of them is English.

  Suddenly one of the bags fell off the truck.

  Two will be enough.

  4,不定式 (常以 It’s adj. to do sth. 形式出现)

  例如: To give is better than to receive =Its better to give.

  I found it difficult to get to sleep.

  It’s glad to see you again.

  It was difficult to see.

  But it’s good to swim in summer.

  5,IT 作主语,有如下情况:

  1)指代刚刚提到的事物:What’s this ? It’s a bus. (指代what)

  2)指代一个你不知道或判断不清性别的人:Who’s knocking the door? It’s me. (指代 who)

  Who’s the baby in the picture? It’s my sister. (指代 who)

  3) 表示时间,天气,距离:

  What’s the time? It’s eight o’clock. (时间)

  What’s it going to be tomorrow? It’s going to be rainy.(天气)

  How far is it? It’s about one kilometre away. (距离)

  6. THERE 引起的There be 句型中,be 作谓语,主语位居其后。如:

  There are many different kinds of mooncakes.

  There will be a strong wind.

  谓语

  谓语有动词构成,依据其在句中繁简程度可把谓语分为简单谓语和复合谓语两类。不论何种时态,语态,语气,凡由一个动词(或动词词组)构成的谓语都是简单谓语。例如:

  I like walking.(一般现在时主动语态)

  I made your birthday cake last night. (一般过去时主动语态)

  It is used by travellers and business people all over the world. (一般现在时被动语态)

  复合谓语也可分为两种情况:

  第一种是由情态动词,助动词+不带to的动词不定式构成的复合谓语:

  What does this word mean?

  I won’t do it again.

  I’ll go and move away the bag of rice with Lin Tao.

  You’d better catch a bus.

  第二种是由连系动词+表语构成的复合谓语。例如:

  You look the same.

  We are all here.

  The weather gets wamer, and the days get longer.

  Keep quite and listen to me.

  He looked worried.

  We have to be up early in the moming.

  Is Bill in?

  School Is over. Let’s go home.

  My pen is in my bag.

  I feel terrible.

  I* fell tried all the time.

  He seemed rather tired last night.

  连系动词和表语在意思上紧密联系,不宜分割;有关动词的种类这方面知识在课本中已有介绍,此处不多说了。

  宾语

  宾语是谓语动作所涉及的对象,它是动作的承受者,宾语可以由名词或起名词作用的成分担任,宾语一般放在谓语动词后面。

  I saw a cat in the tree.

  我看见树上有一只猫。

  I want to go shopping.

  我想去买东西。

  He said he could be here.

  他说他会来的。

  We think you are right.

  我们认为你是对的。

  有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,其中一个宾语多指人,另一个宾语指物,指人的宾语叫做间接宾语,指物的宾语叫做直接宾语,可以带两个宾语的动词有 bring,give,show,send,pass,tell等。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面,如果强调直接宾语可把直接宾语放在间接宾语的前面, 但间接宾语前须加"to"。

  My father bought me a book.

  我父亲给我买了一本书。

  Give the rubber to me.

  把橡皮给我。

  Please give the letter to XiaoLi.

  请把这封信给小李。

  有些及物动词除跟一个宾语外,还需要加上宾语补足语,否则意思不完整,它们一起构成复合宾语,复合宾语中宾语和后面的宾语补足语有一种逻辑上的主谓关系,这也是判断是两个宾语还是复合宾语的依据,宾语可以由名词或起名词作用的词担任。

  We all call him LaoWang.

  我们都叫他老王。

  Please color it red.

  请给它涂上红颜色。

  We found the little girl in the hill.

  我们在山上找到了小女孩。

  定语

  用于描述名词,代词,短语或从句的性质,特征范围等情况的词叫做定语,定语可以由名词,形容词和起名词和形容词作用的词,短语担任。如果定语是单个词,定语放在被修饰词的前面,如果是词组,定语放在被修饰词的后面。

  That is a beautiful flower.

  那是一朵漂亮的花。

  The TV set made in that factory is very good.

  那个工厂生产的电视机很好。

  This is my book,not your book.

  这是我的书,不是你的书。

  There are more than twenty trees in our

  school.

  我们学校里有二十多棵树。

  I have a lot of things to do.

  我有好多要做的事情。

  Our country is a developing country.

  我们的国家是一个发展中的国家。

  状语

  1、说明事物发生的时间,地点,原因,目的,结果方式,条件或伴随情况,程度等情况的词叫状语。

  2、状语的功用:状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。

  3、状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末,但也可放在句首或句中,修饰动词、形容词、副词等

  A、副词一般在句子中做状语.

  He speaks English very well. 他英语说得非常好.

  He is playing under the tree.中的under the tree是地点状语.

  B、不定式在句子中可以作目的状语。

  I come specially to see you.我专门来看你.

  C、介词短语

  Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian.

  The boy was praised for his bravery.

  D、从句作状语

  When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian.

  If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.

  E、分词作状语

  Having had a quarrel with his wife, he left home in a bad temper。

  Inhibited in one direction, it now seems that the Mississippi is about to take another.

  补语

  英语中补语的作用对象是主语和宾语,具有鲜明的定语性描写或限制性功能,在句法上是不可或缺的。补语是起补充说明作用的成份。最常见的是宾语补足语。名词、动名词、形容词、副词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以在句子中作宾补。

  1、主语的补语

  它用在系动词后,是句子的一个基本成分。常用主-系-表结构。

  1.I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.

  我看到她和他们在一起,至少,至少我认为是她。(her做宾 语,them做介词宾语,her做主语补语)

  2.. -- Who broke the vase? --谁打碎了花瓶?

  -- Me. --我。 (me做主语补语= It's me.)

  3.John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she. (she做主语补语)

  约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽,还真是她。

  2、宾语的补语

  1.不定式(to do)

  Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。

  We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。

  We made him copy the sentence.

  He is made to copy the sentence.

  I felt my hands tremble.

  2.名词

  At the meeting we elected him monitor.

  I think your brother a clever boy.

  3.形容词

  What you said made Xiao Wang angry.

  I found the classroom empty

  4.副词

  Please call the students back at once.

  He was seen to take his cap off.

  5.现在分词

  We hear him singing in the hall.

  I found him lying in bed, sleeping.

  6.过去分词

  He saw his face reflected in the water.

  I heard it spoken of in the next room.

  表语

  表语是用来说明主语的性质,身份,特征和状态。表语须和连系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语。表语一般放在系动词之后。表语可以由名词,形容词或起名词和形容词作用的词和短语担任。

  These desks are yellow.

  这些桌子是黄色的。

  I am all right.

  我没事。

  We are happy now.

  我们现在很幸福。

  It's over.

  时间到了。

  She is ten.

  她十岁了。

  My work is teaching English,

  我的工作是教英语。

  The dictionary is in the bag.

  词典在书包里边。

  My question is how you knew him.

  我的问题是你如何认识他的。

  同位语

  当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时,一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分,前者就叫做后者的同位语(appositive).这两个句子成分多由名词(代词)担任,同位语通常皆放在其说明的名词(代词)之后。

  英语句子成分知识

  根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。其中,主语和谓语是句子的主要成分,一般情况下,一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。

  1. 主语:表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,置于句首。如:

  It’s getting cold. 天冷起来了。

  Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。

  The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。

  2. 谓语:说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征,由动词或动词短语充当,位于主语之后。如:

  Mother bought me a VCR. 妈给我买了一台录像机。

  We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。

  3. 表语:表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征,一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当,位于连系动词之后,与连系动词一起构成句子的谓语。如:

  Be careful! 小心!

  He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。

  His job is looking after sheep. 他的任务是看羊。

  4. 宾语:指动作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,位于动词之后。如:

  He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。

  She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。

  5. 宾语补足语:用来对宾语进行补充和说明,一般由名词、非谓语动词、形容词等充当。如:

  He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。

  I’ve never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。

  I found it difficult to refuse him. 我感到很难拒绝他。

  6. 定语:对名词或代词进行修饰、限制或说明,一般由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词及句子等充当,位置可在所修饰的词之前,也可在所修饰的词之后(详见形容词一章)。如:

  It’s an interesting story. 那是一个有趣的故事。

  Do you have time to help us? 你有时间帮助我们吗?

  Who is the woman being operated on? 正在动手术的女人是谁?

  7. 状语:用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等,一般由副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当。如:

  We like English very much. 我们非常喜欢英语。

  Her uncle lives in Canada. 她叔叔住在加拿大。

  She was lying in bed reading. 她躺在床上看书。

  United we stand, pided we fall. 团结则存,分裂则亡。

  8. 同位语:若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物,并且,句法功能也一样,那么,后一项称为前一项的同位语。如:

  This is my friend Harry. 这是我的朋友哈利。

  We students should study hard. 我们学生应该努力学习。

  9. 独立成分:与句子其他成分没有通常的语法关系,如插入语、感叹语、呼语等,一般用逗号将它与句子隔开。如:

  He’s a nice person, to be sure. 肯定他是一个好人。

  Strange to say, he did pass his exam after all. 说也奇怪,考试他竟然通过了。

  关于look的词组,look的短语,常用俚语,日常用语和习惯用语一览

  以look开头的常用短语和词组:

  look a gift horse in the mouth 对礼物吹毛求疵。

  look about 四处寻找, 考虑, 察看。四处观看。

  look about for 四下寻找。

  look about one 察看自己的情况。

  look after 目送, 寻求, 照顾, 关心。

  look after number one [口语]照顾自己的利益, 为自己打算。

  look ahead 计划未来, 预测未来。

  look alive [口语]注意。 快点。 赶快。

  look angle 视角。[航空]观测角。

  look around (=look round)到处寻找,察看,观光,游览。

  look as if butter would not melt in one's mouth 看来一本正经, 装得老实。

  look as if one came out from a bandbox 装束得十分整洁。

  look as if one came out of a bandbox 装束得十分整洁。

  look as if one stepped out from a bandbox 装束得十分整洁。

  look as if one stepped out of a bandbox 装束得十分整洁。

  look askew at sth 对...不屑一顾。

  look at 看, 考虑, 着眼于。

  look at home 扪心自问。

  look at the surface only 只看外表。

  look away 把脸转过去。

  look awry 斜视。

  look back 回顾, 倒退。回顾,追忆。

  look back from the plough 虎头蛇尾, 半途而废。

  look back on 回忆。

  look big 摆出一副了不起的样子。

  look black 怒目而视。

  look black at 怒视。

  look blank 作困惑状。 (前途等)空虚, 暗淡。

  look blue 神色沮丧。 脸色发青。

  look box 观察孔。

  look daggers (对某人)怒目而视。

  look daggers at sb. 对某人怒目而视。

  look down 俯视, 跌价, 用目光压倒。

  look down on 轻视, 看不起。蔑视,瞧不起。

  look down one's nose at 看不起。

  look down upon 蔑视, 瞧不起。

  look for 寻找, 期待。

  look for an ESL teacher 找外教

  look for a needle in a bottle of hay 大海捞针。

  look for credit 力求出人头地。

  look forward to 期望。期待,盼望。

  look forward to sth. 期望, 盼望。

  look here [口语]喂。 听我说(唤起注意)。听着[我警告你]。

  look high and low 四处寻找。

  look ill 看上去有病, 显得不好。

  look in 看望。顺道访问。

  look into 窥视, 浏览, 观察。

  look into the mirror 照镜子。

  look like 像..., 似...,外表特征是。

  look like a dummy 显出呆头呆脑的样子。

  look like a million dollars [美口](人)看起来身体好极了。 (东西)看起来十分漂 亮。

  look like the cat after it had eaten the canary 带着洋洋得意的样子。

  look lively 行动敏捷些, 拿出劲头来。

  look nippy 赶快。

  look of verjuice 愠怒的脸色。

  look on 观看, 面向, 旁观, 看待。

  look on all sides 到处细看。

  look on the bright side 对事物抱乐观态度。

  look on the bright side of things 对事物抱乐观态度。

  look on the dark side 对事物抱悲观态度。

  look on the dark side of things 对事物抱悲观态度。

  look on the gloomy side 对事物抱悲观态度。

  look on the gloomy side of things 对事物抱悲观态度。

  look on the sunny side 对事物抱乐观态度。

  look on the sunny side of things 对事物抱乐观态度。

  look on with folded arms 袖手旁观。

  look one way and row another 声东击西。

  look one's age 和年龄相称。

  look oneself 和平常一样。

  look out 面朝, 留神, 照料。

  look out for 留心, 期待, 物色。

  look out for number one 先为自己着想。

  look out for squalls 提防危险。

  look out on 面临。

  look out upon 朝向, 俯视。

  look over 从...上面看, 察看, 检查, 原谅。调查,从上面看过去。

  look round 环顾, 观光, 察看。观光,仔细察看。

  look round for 到处寻找。

  look round the corner 瞻前顾后 考虑周密。

  look sb. in the eye 正视某人。

  look sb. in the face 直视某人。

  look seedy [口语]气色不好, 面有病容。 显出衣衫褴褛的样子。

  look sharp 注意, 赶快。

  look small 显得渺小, 自惭形秽。

  look strange 作出不认识某人的样子。

  look the other way 故意朝另一边看。

  look the picture of 是...的化身。

  look the very picture of 是...的化身。

  look through 看穿, 审核, 浏览, 温习, 从...中显露。看穿,彻底审查。

  look through blue glasses 悲观地看事物。

  look through colored spectacles 通过有色眼镜看。

  look through green glasses 羡慕地看事物。

  look through one's fingers at 对...假装没看见。

  look through rose-colored glasses 乐观地看事物。

  look to 照看, 注意, 指望。

  look to one's laurels 小心地保持已得的荣誉。

  look to the future 考虑未来。

  look towards 面朝, 期待。

  look up 向上看, 尊敬, 仰望, 查寻, 拜访, 好转。

  look up and down 仔细打量(某人)。 到处寻找。

  look up from one's book 停下来不看书而看别的事物。

  look up to 尊敬,仰望。

  look upon 看作, 显得不错。

  look upon A as B 把A视为B。

  look well 看上去健康, 显得不错。

  以look结尾的短语和词组(look用作动词):

  a look 向...瞟一眼。

  dirty look 臭脸。

  gallows look 死刑犯的面相, 凶相。

  give sb. a dirty look 对某人瞪一眼。

  new look 新面目, 新气象。

  take a look 注视。

  upon the look 在寻找中。

  其他关于look的俚语及习惯用语:

  A cat may look at a king. 小人物也有权利.。

  cannot look at [口语]不是...的对手, 无法与...相匹敌。

  carry look ahead adder 超前进位加法器。

  cast a look at 向...瞥了一眼。

  dart a look at 向...瞥了一眼。

  flash a look at 瞟...一眼, 向...瞥一眼。

  for the look of the thing 为了装点门面。

  get a look at the elephant [美国俚语]见世面。 开眼界。 经世故。

  give a look in 顺便看看(某人)。

  have a look of 象..., 仿佛象...。 令人想起...的样子。

  leave things to look after them selves 对事情不够注意。 忽略事情的发展。

  not much to look at 外表不怎么好看, 相貌平常。

  助动词

  定义

  助动词am,is,are的用法

  助动词have的用法

  助动词do 的用法

  助动词shall和will的用法

  助动词should,would的用法

  定义

  1)协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。构成时态,语态。

  助动词是语法功能词,自身没有词义,不可单独使用,它没有对应的汉译,例如:

  He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。

  (doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)

  2) 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:

  a. 表示时态,例如:

  He is singing. 他在唱歌。

  He has got married. 他已结婚。

  b. 表示语态,例如:

  He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。

  c. 构成疑问句,例如:

  Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?

  Did you study English before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗?

  d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:

  I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。

  e. 加强语气,例如:

  Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。

  He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。

  3) 最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would

  助动词am,is,are的用法

  §1) am,is,are +现在分词,构成进行时态,例如:

  They are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。

  English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。

  2) am,is,are + 过去分词,构成被动语态,例如:

  The window was broken by Tom.. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。

  English is taught throughout the world. 世界各地都教英语。

  3)am,is,are+ 动词不定式,可表示下列内容:

  a. 用现在时表示最近、未来的计划或安排,例如:

  He is to go to New York next week.. 他下周要去纽约。

  We are to teach the freshpersons. 我们要教新生。

  说明: 这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。

  b. 表示命令,例如:

  You are to explain this. 对此你要做出解释。

  He is to come to the office this afternoon. 要他今天下午来办公室。

  c. 征求意见,例如:

  How am I to answer him? 我该怎样答复他?

  Who is to go there? 谁该去那儿呢?

  d. 表示相约、商定,例如:

  We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning. 我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。

  助动词have的用法

  1)have +过去分词,构成完成时态,例如:

  He has left for London. 他已去了伦敦。

  By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work.

  上月未为止,他们已经完成工作的一半。

  2)have + been +现在分词,构成完成进行时,例如:

  I have been studying English for ten years.

  我一直在学英语,已达十年之久。

  3)have+been +过去分词,构成完成式被动语态,例如:

  English has been taught in China for many years.

  中国教英语已经多年。

  助动词do 的用法

  1) 构成一般疑问句,例如:

  Do you want to pass the CET? 你想通过大学英语测试吗?

  Did you study German? 你们学过德语吗?

  2) do + not 构成否定句,例如:

  I do not want to be criticized. 我不想挨批评。

  He doesn't like to study. 他不想学习。

  In the past, many students did not know the importance of English. 过去,好多学生不知道英语的重要性。

  3) 构成否定祈使句,例如:

  Don't go there. 不要去那里。

  Don't be so absent-minded. 不要这么心不在焉。

  说明: 构成否定祈使句只用do,不用did和does。

  4) 放在动词原形前,加强该动词的语气,例如:

  Do come to my birthday party. 一定来参加我的生日宴会。

  I did go there. 我确实去那儿了。

  I do miss you. 我确实想你。

  5) 用于倒装句,例如:

  Never did I hear of such a thing. 我从未听说过这样的事情。

  Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English.

  只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性。

  说明: 引导此类倒装句的副词有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。

  6) 用作代动词,例如:

  ---- Do you like Beijing? --你喜欢北京吗?

  ---- Yes, I do. --是的,喜欢。(do用作代动词,代替like Beijing.)

  He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he?

  他知道如何开车,对吧?

  助动词shall和will的用法

  shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时,例如:

  I shall study harder at English. 我将更加努力地学习英语。

  He will go to Shanghai. 他要去上海。

  说明:

  在过去的语法中,语法学家说shall用于第一人称,will 只用于第二、第三人称。现在,尤其是在口语中,will常用于第一人称,但shall只用于第一人称,如用于第二、第三人称,就失去助动词的意义,已变为情态动词,试比较:

  He shall come. 他必须来。(shall有命令的意味。)

  He will come. 他要来。(will只与动词原形构成一般将来时。)

  shall在疑问句中,用于第一,第三人称,征求对方意愿

  shall I turn on the light?

  要开灯吗?( 我把灯打开好吗?)

  shall he come to see you?

  他要不要他来看你

  (比较: will he come to see you? 他会不会来看你)

  shall 用在陈述句, 与第二第三人称连用, 变为情态动词 表示允诺,命令,警告,和说话人的决心等

  助动词should,would的用法

  1)should无词义,只是shall的过去形式,与动词原形构成过去将来时,只用于第一人称,例如:

  I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do next week.

  我昨天给他打电话,问他我下周干什么。

  比较:

  "What shall I do next week?" I asked.

  "我下周干什么?"我问道。(可以说,shall变成直接引语时,变成了should。)

  2) would也无词义,是will的过去形式,与动词原形构成过去将来时,用于第二、第三人称,例如:

  He said he would come. 他说他要来。

  比较:

  "I will go," he said. 他说:"我要去那儿。"

  变成间接引语,就成了:

  He said he would come.

  原来的will变成would,go变成了come.。过去式从原来的go变为came。

  名词 代词 数词 不定式

《Would you like…的口语用法》

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