论That引导的从句

　He is the only one among us that knows Spanish. 他是我们中间唯一懂西班牙语的人。
　　④先行词既有指人的名词又有指物的名词时,用that引导。如:
　　Do you still remember the things and persons that we talked about at the meeting last month? 你还记得上月我们在会上谈到的人和事吗?
　　⑤先行词为which时,为了避免重复,用that引导。如:
　　Which is the book that you bought yesterday?哪一本书是你昨天买的?
　　⑥先行词在从句中作表语时,常用that引导。如:
　　Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be in the 1930’s.
　　上海现在不再像它过去在20世纪30年代那样的城市了。
　　⑦当主句是There be……句型时,用that引导。
　　There are two tickets for the film that are for you two.
　　这里有两张电影票是给你们两个人的。
　　3.定语从句与同位语从句的区别:
　　从上面的例子可以看出,在同位语从句和定语从句中,that都可放在名词后面。怎样区分一个名词后的从句是定语从句还同位语是从句?我们先来看两个句子:
　　a. I had no idea that you were here.
　　b. The idea (that) she gave us is very good.
　　在句子a中,从句that you were here补充说明名词idea的内容,that 无实义,也不作句子成分;而在句子b中,从句that he gave us修饰限制先行词idea, that在从句中作gave的直接宾语,代替先行词idea。句a中的that不能省去,而句 b中的that可省掉,也可换为which。
　　1.that引导目的状语从句(Adverbial Clauses of Purpose)
　　目的状语从句主要由that, so that, in order that, for fear that等引导:
　　Speak louder (so) that everybody may hear what you say.
　　讲得响一些,以便每个人都能听清楚你的话。
　　2.that引导结果状语从句(Adverbial Clauses of Result)
　　结果状语从句主要由so(such)...that,(so)that等引导:
　　It was such a cold night that we stayed at home.
　　那是一个非常寒冷的夜晚,我们都待在家里。
　　3.that引导条件状语从句(Adverbial Clauses of Condition)
　　条件状语从句主要由provided that,on condition that, supposing that等引导:
　　You may borrow the book, on condition that you don't lend it to anyone else.
　　你可以借这本书,条件是别把它借给别人。
　　4. that引导原因状语从句(Adverbial Clauses of Reason)
　　原因状语从句主要由now that等引导以及一些“be + 形容词”结构后的从句:
　　Now that they have taken matters into thEir hands, the pace of events has quickened.
　　他们既已着手自己来处理问题,事态的进展也就加快了。
　　They are very disappointed that she can’t stay longer.
　　他们很失望她不能再待久些。
　　强调句型的结构为:It is/was + 强调部分 +that从句。如果被强调的是人,可用who代替that。如果被强调的是时间状语、地点状语或原因状语,则一般都用that。例如:
　　①It was on Monday night that all this happened.
　　这一切都是在星期一夜里发生的。
　　②It is in the classroom that we usually have our classes.
　　我们通常是在教室里上课。
　　③Why is it that you object to the idea?
　　你为什么反对这个意见?
　　④It was Peter who / that lent us the money. 中国论文网http://www.lwlm.com编辑整理。